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198 <div class="row"><div class="col-md-9"><h1 class="title">Sixth Data - Data storage and computing engine</h1>
200 <div id="outline-container-sec-1" class="outline-2">
201 <h2 id="sec-1"><span class="section-number-2">1</span> General</h2>
202 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
204 <li>This program is free software: released under Creative Commons Zero
210 <li>Svjatoslav Agejenko
212 <li>Homepage: <a href="https://svjatoslav.eu">https://svjatoslav.eu</a>
214 <li>Email: <a href="mailto://svjatoslav@svjatoslav.eu">mailto://svjatoslav@svjatoslav.eu</a>
219 <li><a href="https://www.svjatoslav.eu/projects/">Other software projects hosted at svjatoslav.eu</a>
224 <div id="outline-container-sec-1-1" class="outline-3">
225 <h3 id="sec-1-1"><span class="section-number-3">1.1</span> Source code</h3>
226 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-1-1">
228 <li><a href="https://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitweb/?p=sixth-data.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=tgz">Download latest snapshot in TAR GZ format</a>
231 <li><a href="https://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitweb/?p=sixth-data.git;a=summary">Browse Git repository online</a>
234 <li>Clone Git repository using command:
235 <pre class="example">
236 git clone https://www2.svjatoslav.eu/git/sixth-data.git
241 <li>See <a href="https://www3.svjatoslav.eu/projects/sixth-data/apidocs/">JavaDoc</a>.
248 <div id="outline-container-sec-2" class="outline-2">
249 <h2 id="sec-2"><a id="ID-f6764282-a6f6-44e6-8716-b428074dd093" name="ID-f6764282-a6f6-44e6-8716-b428074dd093"></a><span class="section-number-2">2</span> Vision / goal</h2>
250 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-2">
252 Provide hackable, versioned, optimized, distributed, geometrical,
253 arbitrary dimensional (<a href="#sec-4">hypercube based</a>) data storage and computation
254 engine (<a href="#sec-3-1">as inspired by the brain</a>) for general purpose visual computing
255 environment called <a href="http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitbrowse/sixth/doc/index.html">Sixth</a>.
259 Because <a href="http://www.paulgraham.com/rootsoflisp.html">Lisp is hackable self defined programmable programming
260 language</a> it would be used to provide <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperative_programming">imperative programming</a> support.
264 <div id="outline-container-sec-3" class="outline-2">
265 <h2 id="sec-3"><a id="ID-0fa6354b-18c9-4120-bbf5-c7239aebecab" name="ID-0fa6354b-18c9-4120-bbf5-c7239aebecab"></a><span class="section-number-2">3</span> Inspiration</h2>
266 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-3">
268 <li>see also: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OLAP_cube">OLAP cube</a>.
272 <div id="outline-container-sec-3-1" class="outline-3">
273 <h3 id="sec-3-1"><a id="ID-d2375acc-af14-4f18-8ad0-7949501178c5" name="ID-d2375acc-af14-4f18-8ad0-7949501178c5"></a><span class="section-number-3">3.1</span> Brain</h3>
274 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-1">
276 <li>Brain appears to be natural geometrical/parallel data storage and
277 computational engine:
279 <li><a href="https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-brain-maps-out-ideas-and-memories-like-spaces-20190114/">https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-brain-maps-out-ideas-and-memories-like-spaces-20190114/</a>
284 <li>Even more awesome is that brain appears to operate and is wired as
285 arbitrary/variable dimensional structure:
286 <a href="https://singularityhub.com/2017/06/21/is-there-a-multidimensional-mathematical-world-hidden-in-the-brains-computation/">https://singularityhub.com/2017/06/21/is-there-a-multidimensional-mathematical-world-hidden-in-the-brains-computation/</a>
289 <li>On top of this, this multidimensional space that brain represents
290 has dynamic/variable resolution/density:
292 <li><a href="https://www.quantamagazine.org/goals-and-rewards-redraw-the-brains-map-of-the-world-20190328">https://www.quantamagazine.org/goals-and-rewards-redraw-the-brains-map-of-the-world-20190328</a>
297 <li>Such properties allow parallel <a href="#sec-5">Geometrical computation</a> and
298 beautifully fits <a href="#sec-3-2">CM-1 Connection Machine</a> architecture (for extra
299 hardware accelerated solution).
305 <div id="outline-container-sec-3-2" class="outline-3">
306 <h3 id="sec-3-2"><a id="ID-01aa65c1-3d44-44a8-9b90-58454bc6be80" name="ID-01aa65c1-3d44-44a8-9b90-58454bc6be80"></a><span class="section-number-3">3.2</span> CM-1 Connection Machine</h3>
307 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-2">
309 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connection_Machine">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connection_Machine</a>
313 Massively parallel (thousands of CPUs) connected via
314 machine's internal 12-dimensional hypercube network allows to
315 efficiently simulate arbitrary dimensional hypercube and network
316 topology between computational units. So that when we are
317 solving/simulating for example 5 dimensional problem, we can arrange
318 computational units into virtual 5D network. See:
319 <a href="http://www.mission-base.com/tamiko/theory/cm_txts/di-ch2.html">http://www.mission-base.com/tamiko/theory/cm_txts/di-ch2.html</a>
323 we can pre-distribute data across computation units and perform
324 parallel <a href="#sec-5">geometrical computation</a>.
330 <div id="outline-container-sec-4" class="outline-2">
331 <h2 id="sec-4"><a id="ID-96116550-a6a1-4700-bef7-865d0deee7ea" name="ID-96116550-a6a1-4700-bef7-865d0deee7ea"></a><span class="section-number-2">4</span> Reasons for hypercube as a so called first class citizen</h2>
332 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-4">
334 <li>Hypercube is quite general purpose data structure that naturally
335 encapsulates wide variety data and problems.
338 <li>Nicely captures apparent <a href="#sec-3-1">properties of the brain</a>.
341 <li>Naturally supports distributed and parallel <a href="#sec-5">geometrical data storage
345 <li>Dedicated hardware like <a href="#sec-3-2">CM-1</a> can be built around hypercube concept
346 that results in data, computation process and hardware, all
347 beautifully fitting together while complementing each other
351 <li>Hypercube stored data (and computation process) has geometry by its
352 nature and should fit nicely with "3D first" user interface ideology
353 of the parent <a href="http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitbrowse/sixth/doc/index.html">Sixth</a> project.
358 <div id="outline-container-sec-5" class="outline-2">
359 <h2 id="sec-5"><a id="ID-171fe375-c737-41e6-b429-a414f6abc5d8" name="ID-171fe375-c737-41e6-b429-a414f6abc5d8"></a><span class="section-number-2">5</span> Geometrical computation idea</h2>
360 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-5">
362 <div id="outline-container-sec-5-1" class="outline-3">
363 <h3 id="sec-5-1"><a id="ID-5d287158-53ea-44a2-a754-dd862366066a" name="ID-5d287158-53ea-44a2-a754-dd862366066a"></a><span class="section-number-3">5.1</span> Distributed computation and data storage</h3>
364 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-5-1">
366 Lots of problems can be translated to geometry (use any shapes and as
367 many dimensions as you need). Solution(s) to such problems could be
368 then found via geometrical search/comparison/lookup results. As a
369 bonus, such geometrical *data storage* AND *computation* can be
370 naturally made in *parallel* and *distributed*.
374 Learning means building/updating/re-balancing the model (the hard
375 part). Question answering is making (relatively simple) lookups
376 (geometrical queries) against the model.
380 <div id="outline-container-sec-5-2" class="outline-3">
381 <h3 id="sec-5-2"><a id="ID-a117c11e-97c1-4822-88b2-9fc10f96caec" name="ID-a117c11e-97c1-4822-88b2-9fc10f96caec"></a><span class="section-number-3">5.2</span> Mapping hypercube to object-oriented model and relational database</h3>
382 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-5-2">
384 Object oriented programming is inspired by the way human mind
385 operates. It allows programmer to express ideas to computer in a more
390 It is actually also possible to map object model and relational
391 database to geometrical hyperspace:
395 <li>Object or database table row is a point in hypercube arbitrary
396 dimensional space. Each object member variable or database table
397 column can be mapped to its own dimension in hypercube. That is: if
398 class declares 4 variables for an object, then corresponding object
399 can be stored as a single point inside 4 dimensional
400 hypercube. Variable values translate to point coordinates in that
401 hypercube. That is: numbers and string can be translated to linear
402 value that can be used as a coordinate along particular dimension.
405 <li>Each object class or database table declares its own hypercube that
406 contain instances (objects) of that class or rows of a table.
412 <div id="outline-container-sec-5-3" class="outline-3">
413 <h3 id="sec-5-3"><a id="ID-b6b15bd2-c78b-4c51-a343-72843a515c29" name="ID-b6b15bd2-c78b-4c51-a343-72843a515c29"></a><span class="section-number-3">5.3</span> Mapping entity relations in hypercube</h3>
414 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-5-3">
416 Consider we want to create database of:
423 <li>Effort: Amount of time contributed by every author to every book
429 Information above can be represented as 3D cube where dimensions are:
441 Points in that cube would nicely capture many to many relations
442 between authors and the books.
447 <div id="outline-container-sec-6" class="outline-2">
448 <h2 id="sec-6"><span class="section-number-2">6</span> Current status</h2>
449 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-6">
451 <li>More or less defined <a href="#sec-2">Vision / goal</a>.
454 <li>Collected some <a href="#sec-3">inspiring</a> <a href="#sec-5">ideas</a>.
457 <li>Implemented very simple persistent key-value map.
459 <li>Long term goal is to use it as a backing storage engine and
460 implement more advanced features on top of this via layered
469 <div id="outline-container-sec-7" class="outline-2">
470 <h2 id="sec-7"><span class="section-number-2">7</span> See also</h2>
471 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-7">
473 Interesting or competing projects with good ideas:
477 <li>Analyze and share complex multi-dimensional data at scale
478 <a href="https://tiledb.com/">https://tiledb.com/</a>
481 <li><a href="https://github.com/vygr/ChrysaLisp">ChrysaLisp</a>
483 <li>Assembler/C-Script/Lisp 64 bit, MIMD, multi CPU, multi threaded,
484 multi core, multi user Parallel OS. With GUI, Terminal, OO
485 Assembler, Class libraries, C-Script compiler, Lisp interpreter,
486 Debugger, and more…
491 <li><a href="#sec-3-2">CM-1 Connection Machine</a>
494 <li><a href="http://esug.org/data/ESUG2015/3%20wednesday/1100-1130%20SQL%20Queries%20on%20Smalltalk%20Objects/SQL%20Queries%20in%20Smalltalk%20(James%20Foster).pdf">Gemstone/S</a>
496 <li>Completely distributed smalltalk based computing
504 <li>database in the form of a knowledge graph that uses machine
505 reasoning to simplify data processing challenges for AI
506 applications. <a href="https://grakn.ai/">https://grakn.ai/</a>
511 <li><a href="http://phantomos.org/">http://phantomos.org/</a>
513 <li>Programs run forever. System crash or reboot does not destroy
514 state of running program.
519 <li><a href="http://wiki.squeak.org/squeak/2665">Magma</a>
521 <li>Multi-user object database for Squeak
526 <li>Taichi: A Language for High-Performance Computation onSpatially
527 Sparse Data Structures
529 <li><a href="http://taichi.graphics/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/taichi_lang.pdf">http://taichi.graphics/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/taichi_lang.pdf</a>
534 <li><a href="http://www.uruk.org/emu/Taos.html">TAOS</a>
536 <li>Completely distributed operating system/virtual machine:
543 </div><div class="col-md-3"><nav id="table-of-contents">
544 <div id="text-table-of-contents" class="bs-docs-sidebar">
546 <li><a href="#sec-1">1. General</a>
548 <li><a href="#sec-1-1">1.1. Source code</a></li>
551 <li><a href="#sec-2">2. Vision / goal</a></li>
552 <li><a href="#sec-3">3. Inspiration</a>
554 <li><a href="#sec-3-1">3.1. Brain</a></li>
555 <li><a href="#sec-3-2">3.2. CM-1 Connection Machine</a></li>
558 <li><a href="#sec-4">4. Reasons for hypercube as a so called first class citizen</a></li>
559 <li><a href="#sec-5">5. Geometrical computation idea</a>
561 <li><a href="#sec-5-1">5.1. Distributed computation and data storage</a></li>
562 <li><a href="#sec-5-2">5.2. Mapping hypercube to object-oriented model and relational database</a></li>
563 <li><a href="#sec-5-3">5.3. Mapping entity relations in hypercube</a></li>
566 <li><a href="#sec-6">6. Current status</a></li>
567 <li><a href="#sec-7">7. See also</a></li>
572 <footer id="postamble" class="">
573 <div><p class="author">Author: Svjatoslav Agejenko</p>
574 <p class="date">Created: 2020-05-17 P 02:27</p>
575 <p class="creator"><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/">Emacs</a> 26.1 (<a href="http://orgmode.org">Org-mode</a> 9.1.9)</p>