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198 <div class="row"><div class="col-md-9"><h1 class="title">Sixth Data - Data storage and computing engine</h1>
200 <div id="outline-container-sec-1" class="outline-2">
201 <h2 id="sec-1"><span class="section-number-2">1</span> General</h2>
202 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
204 <li>This is a subproject of <a href="https://www3.svjatoslav.eu/projects/sixth/">Sixth</a> with the goal of providing data
205 storage and computation facilities.
208 <li>This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
209 it under the terms of the <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html">GNU Lesser General Public License</a> as
210 published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
211 License, or (at your option) any later version.
216 <li>Svjatoslav Agejenko
218 <li>Homepage: <a href="https://svjatoslav.eu">https://svjatoslav.eu</a>
220 <li>Email: <a href="mailto://svjatoslav@svjatoslav.eu">mailto://svjatoslav@svjatoslav.eu</a>
225 <li><a href="https://www.svjatoslav.eu/projects/">Other software projects hosted at svjatoslav.eu</a>
230 <div id="outline-container-sec-1-1" class="outline-3">
231 <h3 id="sec-1-1"><span class="section-number-3">1.1</span> Source code</h3>
232 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-1-1">
234 <li><a href="https://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitweb/?p=sixth-data.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=tgz">Download latest snapshot in TAR GZ format</a>
237 <li><a href="https://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitweb/?p=sixth-data.git;a=summary">Browse Git repository online</a>
240 <li>Clone Git repository using command:
241 <pre class="example">
242 git clone https://www2.svjatoslav.eu/git/sixth-data.git
247 <li>See <a href="https://www3.svjatoslav.eu/projects/sixth-data/apidocs/">JavaDoc</a>.
254 <div id="outline-container-sec-2" class="outline-2">
255 <h2 id="sec-2"><a id="ID-f6764282-a6f6-44e6-8716-b428074dd093" name="ID-f6764282-a6f6-44e6-8716-b428074dd093"></a><span class="section-number-2">2</span> Vision / goal</h2>
256 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-2">
258 Provide hackable, versioned, optimized, distributed, geometrical,
259 arbitrary dimensional (<a href="#sec-4">hypercube based</a>) data storage and computation
260 engine (<a href="#sec-3-1">as inspired by the brain</a>) for general purpose visual computing
261 environment called <a href="http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitbrowse/sixth/doc/index.html">Sixth</a>.
265 Because <a href="http://www.paulgraham.com/rootsoflisp.html">Lisp is hackable self defined programmable programming
266 language</a> it would be used to provide <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperative_programming">imperative programming</a> support.
270 <div id="outline-container-sec-3" class="outline-2">
271 <h2 id="sec-3"><a id="ID-0fa6354b-18c9-4120-bbf5-c7239aebecab" name="ID-0fa6354b-18c9-4120-bbf5-c7239aebecab"></a><span class="section-number-2">3</span> Inspiration</h2>
272 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-3">
274 <li>see also: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OLAP_cube">OLAP cube</a>.
278 <div id="outline-container-sec-3-1" class="outline-3">
279 <h3 id="sec-3-1"><a id="ID-d2375acc-af14-4f18-8ad0-7949501178c5" name="ID-d2375acc-af14-4f18-8ad0-7949501178c5"></a><span class="section-number-3">3.1</span> Brain</h3>
280 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-1">
282 <li>Brain appears to be natural geometrical/parallel data storage and
283 computational engine:
285 <li><a href="https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-brain-maps-out-ideas-and-memories-like-spaces-20190114/">https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-brain-maps-out-ideas-and-memories-like-spaces-20190114/</a>
290 <li>Even more awesome is that brain appears to operate and is wired as
291 arbitrary/variable dimensional structure:
292 <a href="https://singularityhub.com/2017/06/21/is-there-a-multidimensional-mathematical-world-hidden-in-the-brains-computation/">https://singularityhub.com/2017/06/21/is-there-a-multidimensional-mathematical-world-hidden-in-the-brains-computation/</a>
295 <li>On top of this, this multidimensional space that brain represents
296 has dynamic/variable resolution/density:
298 <li><a href="https://www.quantamagazine.org/goals-and-rewards-redraw-the-brains-map-of-the-world-20190328">https://www.quantamagazine.org/goals-and-rewards-redraw-the-brains-map-of-the-world-20190328</a>
303 <li>Such properties allow parallel <a href="#sec-5">Geometrical computation</a> and
304 beautifully fits <a href="#sec-3-2">CM-1 Connection Machine</a> architecture (for extra
305 hardware accelerated solution).
311 <div id="outline-container-sec-3-2" class="outline-3">
312 <h3 id="sec-3-2"><a id="ID-01aa65c1-3d44-44a8-9b90-58454bc6be80" name="ID-01aa65c1-3d44-44a8-9b90-58454bc6be80"></a><span class="section-number-3">3.2</span> CM-1 Connection Machine</h3>
313 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-2">
315 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connection_Machine">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connection_Machine</a>
319 Massively parallel (thousands of CPUs) connected via
320 machine's internal 12-dimensional hypercube network allows to
321 efficiently simulate arbitrary dimensional hypercube and network
322 topology between computational units. So that when we are
323 solving/simulating for example 5 dimensional problem, we can arrange
324 computational units into virtual 5D network. See:
325 <a href="http://www.mission-base.com/tamiko/theory/cm_txts/di-ch2.html">http://www.mission-base.com/tamiko/theory/cm_txts/di-ch2.html</a>
329 we can pre-distribute data across computation units and perform
330 parallel <a href="#sec-5">geometrical computation</a>.
336 <div id="outline-container-sec-4" class="outline-2">
337 <h2 id="sec-4"><a id="ID-96116550-a6a1-4700-bef7-865d0deee7ea" name="ID-96116550-a6a1-4700-bef7-865d0deee7ea"></a><span class="section-number-2">4</span> Reasons for hypercube as a so called first class citizen</h2>
338 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-4">
340 <li>Hypercube is quite general purpose data structure that naturally
341 encapsulates wide variety data and problems.
344 <li>Nicely captures apparent <a href="#sec-3-1">properties of the brain</a>.
347 <li>Naturally supports distributed and parallel <a href="#sec-5">geometrical data storage
351 <li>Dedicated hardware like <a href="#sec-3-2">CM-1</a> can be built around hypercube concept
352 that results in data, computation process and hardware, all
353 beautifully fitting together while complementing each other
357 <li>Hypercube stored data (and computation process) has geometry by its
358 nature and should fit nicely with "3D first" user interface ideology
359 of the parent <a href="http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitbrowse/sixth/doc/index.html">Sixth</a> project.
364 <div id="outline-container-sec-5" class="outline-2">
365 <h2 id="sec-5"><a id="ID-171fe375-c737-41e6-b429-a414f6abc5d8" name="ID-171fe375-c737-41e6-b429-a414f6abc5d8"></a><span class="section-number-2">5</span> Geometrical computation idea</h2>
366 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-5">
368 <div id="outline-container-sec-5-1" class="outline-3">
369 <h3 id="sec-5-1"><a id="ID-5d287158-53ea-44a2-a754-dd862366066a" name="ID-5d287158-53ea-44a2-a754-dd862366066a"></a><span class="section-number-3">5.1</span> Distributed computation and data storage</h3>
370 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-5-1">
372 Lots of problems can be translated to geometry (use any shapes and as
373 many dimensions as you need). Solution(s) to such problems could be
374 then found via geometrical search/comparison/lookup results. As a
375 bonus, such geometrical *data storage* AND *computation* can be
376 naturally made in *parallel* and *distributed*.
380 Learning means building/updating/re-balancing the model (the hard
381 part). Question answering is making (relatively simple) lookups
382 (geometrical queries) against the model.
386 <div id="outline-container-sec-5-2" class="outline-3">
387 <h3 id="sec-5-2"><a id="ID-a117c11e-97c1-4822-88b2-9fc10f96caec" name="ID-a117c11e-97c1-4822-88b2-9fc10f96caec"></a><span class="section-number-3">5.2</span> Mapping hypercube to object-oriented model and relational database</h3>
388 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-5-2">
390 Object oriented programming is inspired by the way human mind
391 operates. It allows programmer to express ideas to computer in a more
396 It is actually also possible to map object model and relational
397 database to geometrical hyperspace:
401 <li>Object or database table row is a point in hypercube arbitrary
402 dimensional space. Each object member variable or database table
403 column can be mapped to its own dimension in hypercube. That is: if
404 class declares 4 variables for an object, then corresponding object
405 can be stored as a single point inside 4 dimensional
406 hypercube. Variable values translate to point coordinates in that
407 hypercube. That is: numbers and string can be translated to linear
408 value that can be used as a coordinate along particular dimension.
411 <li>Each object class or database table declares its own hypercube that
412 contain instances (objects) of that class or rows of a table.
418 <div id="outline-container-sec-5-3" class="outline-3">
419 <h3 id="sec-5-3"><a id="ID-b6b15bd2-c78b-4c51-a343-72843a515c29" name="ID-b6b15bd2-c78b-4c51-a343-72843a515c29"></a><span class="section-number-3">5.3</span> Mapping entity relations in hypercube</h3>
420 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-5-3">
422 Consider we want to create database of:
429 <li>Effort: Amount of time contributed by every author to every book
435 Information above can be represented as 3D cube where dimensions are:
447 Points in that cube would nicely capture many to many relations
448 between authors and the books.
453 <div id="outline-container-sec-6" class="outline-2">
454 <h2 id="sec-6"><span class="section-number-2">6</span> Current status</h2>
455 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-6">
457 <li>More or less defined <a href="#sec-2">Vision / goal</a>.
460 <li>Collected some <a href="#sec-3">inspiring</a> <a href="#sec-5">ideas</a>.
463 <li>Implemented very simple persistent key-value map.
465 <li>Long term goal is to use it as a backing storage engine and
466 implement more advanced features on top of this via layered
475 <div id="outline-container-sec-7" class="outline-2">
476 <h2 id="sec-7"><span class="section-number-2">7</span> See also</h2>
477 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-7">
479 Interesting or competing projects with good ideas:
483 <li><a href="#sec-3-2">CM-1 Connection Machine</a>
486 <li><a href="http://phantomos.org/">http://phantomos.org/</a>
488 <li>Programs run forever. System crash or reboot does not destroy
489 state of running program.
494 <li>Taichi: A Language for High-Performance Computation onSpatially
495 Sparse Data Structures
497 <li><a href="http://taichi.graphics/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/taichi_lang.pdf">http://taichi.graphics/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/taichi_lang.pdf</a>
504 <li>database in the form of a knowledge graph that uses machine
505 reasoning to simplify data processing challenges for AI
506 applications. <a href="https://grakn.ai/">https://grakn.ai/</a>
511 <li><a href="http://wiki.squeak.org/squeak/2665">Magma</a>
513 <li>Multi-user object database for Squeak
518 <li><a href="http://esug.org/data/ESUG2015/3%20wednesday/1100-1130%20SQL%20Queries%20on%20Smalltalk%20Objects/SQL%20Queries%20in%20Smalltalk%20(James%20Foster).pdf">Gemstone/S</a>
520 <li>Completely distributed smalltalk based computing
526 <li><a href="http://www.uruk.org/emu/Taos.html">TAOS</a>
528 <li>Completely distributed operating system/virtual machine:
533 <li><a href="https://github.com/vygr/ChrysaLisp">ChrysaLisp</a>
535 <li>Assembler/C-Script/Lisp 64 bit, MIMD, multi CPU, multi threaded,
536 multi core, multi user Parallel OS. With GUI, Terminal, OO
537 Assembler, Class libraries, C-Script compiler, Lisp interpreter,
538 Debugger, and more…
545 </div><div class="col-md-3"><nav id="table-of-contents">
546 <div id="text-table-of-contents" class="bs-docs-sidebar">
548 <li><a href="#sec-1">1. General</a>
550 <li><a href="#sec-1-1">1.1. Source code</a></li>
553 <li><a href="#sec-2">2. Vision / goal</a></li>
554 <li><a href="#sec-3">3. Inspiration</a>
556 <li><a href="#sec-3-1">3.1. Brain</a></li>
557 <li><a href="#sec-3-2">3.2. CM-1 Connection Machine</a></li>
560 <li><a href="#sec-4">4. Reasons for hypercube as a so called first class citizen</a></li>
561 <li><a href="#sec-5">5. Geometrical computation idea</a>
563 <li><a href="#sec-5-1">5.1. Distributed computation and data storage</a></li>
564 <li><a href="#sec-5-2">5.2. Mapping hypercube to object-oriented model and relational database</a></li>
565 <li><a href="#sec-5-3">5.3. Mapping entity relations in hypercube</a></li>
568 <li><a href="#sec-6">6. Current status</a></li>
569 <li><a href="#sec-7">7. See also</a></li>
574 <footer id="postamble" class="">
575 <div><p class="author">Author: Svjatoslav Agejenko</p>
576 <p class="date">Created: 2020-01-29 K 22:54</p>
577 <p class="creator"><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/">Emacs</a> 26.1 (<a href="http://orgmode.org">Org-mode</a> 9.1.9)</p>