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198 <div class="row"><div class="col-md-9"><h1 class="title">Sixth Data - Data storage and computing engine</h1>
200 <div id="outline-container-sec-1" class="outline-2">
201 <h2 id="sec-1"><span class="section-number-2">1</span> General</h2>
202 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
204 <li>This is a subproject of <a href="http://www3.svjatoslav.eu/projects/sixth/">Sixth</a>
207 <li>This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
208 it under the terms of the <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html">GNU Lesser General Public License</a> as
209 published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
210 License, or (at your option) any later version.
215 <li>Svjatoslav Agejenko
217 <li>Homepage: <a href="http://svjatoslav.eu">http://svjatoslav.eu</a>
219 <li>Email: <a href="mailto://svjatoslav@svjatoslav.eu">mailto://svjatoslav@svjatoslav.eu</a>
224 <li><a href="http://www.svjatoslav.eu/projects/">Other software projects hosted at svjatoslav.eu</a>
229 <div id="outline-container-sec-1-1" class="outline-3">
230 <h3 id="sec-1-1"><span class="section-number-3">1.1</span> Source code</h3>
231 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-1-1">
233 <li><a href="http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitweb/?p=sixth-data.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=tgz">Download latest snapshot in TAR GZ format</a>
236 <li><a href="http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitweb/?p=sixth-data.git;a=summary">Browse Git repository online</a>
239 <li>Clone Git repository using command:
240 <pre class="example">
241 git clone http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/git/sixth-data.git
250 <div id="outline-container-sec-2" class="outline-2">
251 <h2 id="sec-2"><a id="ID-f6764282-a6f6-44e6-8716-b428074dd093" name="ID-f6764282-a6f6-44e6-8716-b428074dd093"></a><span class="section-number-2">2</span> Vision / goal</h2>
252 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-2">
254 Provide versioned, clustered, flexible, distributed, multi-dimensional
255 data storage engine for the <a href="http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitbrowse/sixth/doc/index.html">Sixth computation engine</a>.
259 <li>Speaking of traditional relational database and object oriented
260 business applications:
263 <li>I hate object-relational impedance mismatch.
266 <li>I don't like to convert data between persistent database and
267 runtime objects for every transaction. How about creating united
268 database/computation engine instead to:
271 <li>Eliminate constant moving and converting of data between 2 systems
272 and make computing happen close to where the data is stored.
275 <li>Abstract away difference between RAM VS persistent storage. Let
276 the system decide at runtime which data to keep in what kind of
285 <div id="outline-container-sec-3" class="outline-2">
286 <h2 id="sec-3"><span class="section-number-2">3</span> Inspiration</h2>
287 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-3">
289 <li>Relational databases:
293 <li>Indexable / Quickly searchable.
298 <li>Git (version control system)
302 <li>Branchable / mergeable.
304 <li>Transparent cansistency, checksumming and deduplication.
306 <li>(Git as a database:
310 <a href="https://www.kenneth-truyers.net/2016/10/13/git-nosql-database/">https://www.kenneth-truyers.net/2016/10/13/git-nosql-database/</a> )
316 <div id="outline-container-sec-3-1" class="outline-3">
317 <h3 id="sec-3-1"><a id="ID-d2375acc-af14-4f18-8ad0-7949501178c5" name="ID-d2375acc-af14-4f18-8ad0-7949501178c5"></a><span class="section-number-3">3.1</span> Brain</h3>
318 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-1">
320 <li>Appears to have more than 3D dimensional design. Food for
323 <li><a href="https://singularityhub.com/2017/06/21/is-there-a-multidimensional-mathematical-world-hidden-in-the-brains-computation/">https://singularityhub.com/2017/06/21/is-there-a-multidimensional-mathematical-world-hidden-in-the-brains-computation/</a>
328 <li>It directly inspires following ideas
330 <li><a href="#sec-4-1">Distributed comutation and data storage</a>
332 <li><a href="#sec-4-2">Mapping of hyperspace to traditional object-oriented model</a>
334 <li><a href="#sec-4-3">Handling of relations</a>
342 <div id="outline-container-sec-4" class="outline-2">
343 <h2 id="sec-4"><span class="section-number-2">4</span> Ideas</h2>
344 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-4">
345 </div><div id="outline-container-sec-4-1" class="outline-3">
346 <h3 id="sec-4-1"><a id="ID-5d287158-53ea-44a2-a754-dd862366066a" name="ID-5d287158-53ea-44a2-a754-dd862366066a"></a><span class="section-number-3">4.1</span> Distributed computation and data storage</h3>
347 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-4-1">
349 Maybe every problem can be translated to geometry (use any shapes and
350 as many dimensions as you need). Solution(s) to such problems would
351 then appear as relatively simple search/comparison/lookup results. As
352 a bonus, such geometrical *data storage* AND *computation* can be
353 naturally made in *parallel* and *distributed*. That's what neurons in
354 the brain appear to be doing ! :) . Learning means building/updating
355 the model (the hard part). Question answering is making (relatively
356 simple) lookups (geometrical queries) against the model.
360 <div id="outline-container-sec-4-2" class="outline-3">
361 <h3 id="sec-4-2"><a id="ID-a117c11e-97c1-4822-88b2-9fc10f96caec" name="ID-a117c11e-97c1-4822-88b2-9fc10f96caec"></a><span class="section-number-3">4.2</span> Mapping of hyperspace to traditional object-oriented model</h3>
362 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-4-2">
364 Object oriented programming is inspired by the way human mind
365 operates. It allows programmer to express ideas to computer in a more
370 It is possible to map object model to geometrical hyperspace:
374 <li>Object is a point in space (universe). Each object member variable
375 translates to its own dimension. That is: if class declares 4
376 variables for an object, then corresponding object can be stored as
377 a single point inside 4 dimensional space. Variable values translate
378 to point coordinates in space. That is: Integer, floating point
379 number and even boolean and string can be translated to linear value
380 that can be used as a coordinate along particular dimension.
383 <li>Each class declares its own space (universe). All class instances
384 (objects) are points inside that particular universe. References
385 between objects of different types are hyperlinks (portals) between
391 <div id="outline-container-sec-4-3" class="outline-3">
392 <h3 id="sec-4-3"><a id="ID-b6b15bd2-c78b-4c51-a343-72843a515c29" name="ID-b6b15bd2-c78b-4c51-a343-72843a515c29"></a><span class="section-number-3">4.3</span> Handling of relations</h3>
393 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-4-3">
395 Consider we want to create database of books and authors. Book can
396 have multiple authors, and single person can be author for multiple
397 books. It is possible to store how many hours of work each author has
398 contributed to every book, using hyperspace as follows:
402 <li>Every dimension corresponds to one particular book author. (10
403 authors in the database, would require 10 dimensional space)
405 <li>Point in space corresponds to one particular book.
407 <li>Point location along particular (author) dimension corresponds
408 to amount of work contributed by particular author for given
422 <li>Every dimension corresponds to one particular book.
424 <li>Point in space corresponds to one particular author in the entire
427 <li>Point location along particular (book) dimension corresponds to
428 amount of work contributed for book by given author (point).
438 <div id="outline-container-sec-4-4" class="outline-3">
439 <h3 id="sec-4-4"><span class="section-number-3">4.4</span> Layered architecture</h3>
440 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-4-4">
442 <dt> layer 1 </dt><dd>disk / block storage / partition
445 <dt> layer 2 </dt><dd>key/value storage. Keys are unique and are dictated by
446 storage engine. Value is arbitrary but limited size byte
447 array. This layer is responsible for handling disk
448 defragmentation and consistency in case of crash
452 <dt> layer 3 </dt><dd>key/value storage. Keys are content hashes. Values are
453 arbitrary but limited size content byte arrays. This
454 layer effectively implements content addressable
455 storage. Content addressible storage enables GIT-like
456 behavior (possibility for competing branches, retaining
457 history, transparent deduplication)
460 <dt> layer 4 </dt><dd>Implements arbitrary dimensional multiverse.
463 <dt> layer 5 </dt><dd>Distributed computation engine.
469 <div id="outline-container-sec-5" class="outline-2">
470 <h2 id="sec-5"><span class="section-number-2">5</span> Current status</h2>
471 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-5">
473 <li>More or less defined <a href="#sec-2">Vision / goal</a>.
476 <li>Collected some <a href="#sec-3-1">ideas</a>.
479 <li>Implemented very simple persistent key-value map.
481 <li>Long term goal is to use it as a backing storage engine and
482 implement more advanced features on top of this.
490 <div id="outline-container-sec-6" class="outline-2">
491 <h2 id="sec-6"><span class="section-number-2">6</span> See also</h2>
492 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-6">
494 Interesting or competing projects with good ideas:
500 <li>database in the form of a knowledge graph that uses machine
501 reasoning to simplify data processing challenges for AI
502 applications. <a href="https://grakn.ai/">https://grakn.ai/</a>
509 <li>multi-user object database for Squeak
510 <a href="http://wiki.squeak.org/squeak/2665">http://wiki.squeak.org/squeak/2665</a>
517 <li>Completely distributed smalltalk based computing
518 system. <a href="http://esug.org/data/ESUG2015/3%20wednesday/1100-1130%20SQL%20Queries%20on%20Smalltalk%20Objects/SQL%20Queries%20in%20Smalltalk%20(James%20Foster)">http://esug.org/data/ESUG2015/3%20wednesday/1100-1130%20SQL%20Queries%20on%20Smalltalk%20Objects/SQL%20Queries%20in%20Smalltalk%20(James%20Foster)</a>.pdf
525 <li>Completely distributed operating system/virtual machine:
526 <a href="http://www.uruk.org/emu/Taos.html">http://www.uruk.org/emu/Taos.html</a>
533 </div><div class="col-md-3"><nav id="table-of-contents">
534 <div id="text-table-of-contents" class="bs-docs-sidebar">
536 <li><a href="#sec-1">1. General</a>
538 <li><a href="#sec-1-1">1.1. Source code</a></li>
541 <li><a href="#sec-2">2. Vision / goal</a></li>
542 <li><a href="#sec-3">3. Inspiration</a>
544 <li><a href="#sec-3-1">3.1. Brain</a></li>
547 <li><a href="#sec-4">4. Ideas</a>
549 <li><a href="#sec-4-1">4.1. Distributed computation and data storage</a></li>
550 <li><a href="#sec-4-2">4.2. Mapping of hyperspace to traditional object-oriented model</a></li>
551 <li><a href="#sec-4-3">4.3. Handling of relations</a></li>
552 <li><a href="#sec-4-4">4.4. Layered architecture</a></li>
555 <li><a href="#sec-5">5. Current status</a></li>
556 <li><a href="#sec-6">6. See also</a></li>
561 <footer id="postamble" class="">
562 <div><p class="author">Author: Svjatoslav Agejenko</p>
563 <p class="date">Created: 2019-01-14 Mon 20:33</p>
564 <p class="creator"><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/">Emacs</a> 26.1 (<a href="http://orgmode.org">Org-mode</a> 9.1.9)</p>