:ID: 523f93a3-359e-4a6d-b296-df25008db403
:END:
- *Stack Effect:* =n -- n-1=
-- *Description:* Decrements the top value on the data stack by 1.
-- *Notes:* Directly decrements the dword at the data stack pointer.
-- *Example:*
- #+begin_example
- 10
- 1-
- #+end_example
- After execution, stack contains 9.
+- *Description:* Decrements the top value on the data stack by exactly
+ one. The operation modifies the value IN PLACE at the data stack
+ pointer.
+
+=1-= is commonly used for:
+- Iteration counters (decrementing and testing)
+- Reference counting (decrementing and checking for zero)
* 8: dup
:PROPERTIES: