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-FIFTH
-
-
-
-
- Emulator & virtual CPU
-
-
-
-Using CPU emulator slows it down but I shouldn't now
-think too mutch about, and waste my time on batteling with problems whitch
-results on complex design of PC hardware. Also it allows me to use existing DOS and
-resident drivers services in real mode. So I don't need to deal with
-hardware too mutch. It also allows me to use all free XMS for flat
-code & data storage.
-
-Current emulator emulates 1 CPU. It has 2 stacks,
-~50 instructions, and 4GB flat address space (theoretically).
-I'm not sure that DOS 6.22 that I currently prefer can handle more than
-64 MB of RAM. While I tried to keep instructionset simple,
-I was forced to put in lot of complex instructions to make it's performance
-acceptable on emulator. On actual silicon ~20 instructions is enaugh
-(I think).
-
-Maybe one day similar system will run directly on custom silicon chip :)
-
-
-CPU has following registers:
-
-IP - instruction pointer
-DSP - data stack pointer
-RSP - return stack pointer
-
-Virtual CPU, commands (most of them are avaiable as ordinary commands in
-programming lanquage):
-
-code mnemonic description
-
-0 nop does notheing
-1 halt halt CPU ( return to DOS on emulator )
-
-2 kbd@ ( -- c ) read scancode of pressed or released key.
- Returns 0, if no data avaiable.
-3 num ( -- n ) put immidiate number into datastack
-
-4 jmp jump to specified code
-5 call jump to specified code, save return address to
- return stack.
-
-6 1+ ( n -- n+1 )
-7 1- ( n -- n-1 )
-
-8 dup ( n -- n n ) duplicate top of data stack
-9 drop ( n -- ) drop last element in data stack
-
-10 if ( n -- ) jump to addr if top element was 0
-11 ret jump to code, specified in return stack.
-
-12 c@ ( addr -- n ) read byte from memory at specified address
-13 c! ( n addr -- ) store byte to specified memory
-
-14 push ( DSTK -> RSTK ) move top of datastack to returnstack
-15 pop ( RSTK -> DSTK ) move top of returnstack to datastack
-
-16
-17 rot ( n1 n2 n3 -- n2 n3 n1) rotate stack elements
-
-18 disk@ ( FromDiskSect ToMem -- ) read 1KB from disk into RAM
-19 disk! ( FromMem ToDiskSect -- ) write 1KB to disk
-
-20 @ ( addr -- n ) read 32 bit number from memory
-21 ! ( n addr -- ) store 32 bit number to memory
-
-22 over ( n1 n2 -- n1 n2 n1 ) self explaining ...
-23 swap ( n1 n2 -- n2 n1 ) -,,-
-
-24 + ( n1 n2 -- n1+n2 ) -,,-
-25 - ( n1 n2 -- n1-n2 ) -,,-
-
-26 * ( n1 n2 -- n1*n2 ) -,,-
-27 / ( n1 n2 -- n1/n2 ) -,,-
-
-28 > ( n1 n2 -- result ) is true when n1 > n2
-29 < ( n1 n2 -- result ) is true when n1 < n2
-
-30 not ( n1 -- not_n1 ) logical not
-31 i ( -- n ) copies top of return stack into datastack
-
-32 cprt@ ( addr -- n ) read one byte from hardware port
-33 cprt! ( n addr -- ) store one byte to hardware port
-
-34 i2 ( -- n ) like "i" but takes socond top stack element.
-35 i3 ( -- n ) like "i" but takes third top stack element.
-
-36 shl ( n amount -- n ) left bit shift
-37 shr ( n amount -- n ) right bit shift
-
-38 or ( n1 n2 -- n ) logical or
-39 xor ( n1 n2 -- n ) exclusive logical or
-
-40 vidmap ( addr -- ) copy memory from "addr" to video memory.
-
-41 mouse@ ( -- x y button ) read mouse coordinates & buttons
-
-42 vidput ( addr1 addr2 x y -- ) put image1 into image2, at
- location x, y. Does clipping, so part of a big image
- can be mapped into smaller one.
-
-43 cmove ( addr1 addr2 amount ) move memory from addr1 to addr2
- if addr1 is greater than addr2 then count address
- foward while moving, elseway starts from end and
- counts backwards, so no data loss will occure on
- overlapping.
-
-44 cfill ( c addr amount -- ) fill memory starting at "addr"
- with "c" bytes.
-
-45 tvidput ( addr1 addr2 x y -- ) same as "vidput" but treats
- color 255 in source image as transparent.
-
-46 depth ( -- depth ) returns current depth of data stack.
-
-47 charput ( colorfg colorbg addrsrc addrdest x y )
- draw character to image buffer located at "addrdest"
- to specified x & y location. Decodes 8 bytes from
- source to bits, used to draw character.
-
-
-
-
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