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198 <div class="row"><div class="col-md-9"><h1 class="title">Sixth Data - Data storage and computing engine</h1>
200 <div id="outline-container-sec-1" class="outline-2">
201 <h2 id="sec-1"><span class="section-number-2">1</span> General</h2>
202 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
204 <li>This is a subproject of <a href="http://www3.svjatoslav.eu/projects/sixth/">Sixth</a>
207 <li>This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
208 it under the terms of the <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html">GNU Lesser General Public License</a> as
209 published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
210 License, or (at your option) any later version.
215 <li>Svjatoslav Agejenko
217 <li>Homepage: <a href="http://svjatoslav.eu">http://svjatoslav.eu</a>
219 <li>Email: <a href="mailto://svjatoslav@svjatoslav.eu">mailto://svjatoslav@svjatoslav.eu</a>
224 <li><a href="http://www.svjatoslav.eu/projects/">Other software projects hosted at svjatoslav.eu</a>
229 <div id="outline-container-sec-1-1" class="outline-3">
230 <h3 id="sec-1-1"><span class="section-number-3">1.1</span> Source code</h3>
231 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-1-1">
233 <li><a href="http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitweb/?p=sixth-data.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=tgz">Download latest snapshot in TAR GZ format</a>
236 <li><a href="http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitweb/?p=sixth-data.git;a=summary">Browse Git repository online</a>
239 <li>Clone Git repository using command:
240 <pre class="example">
241 git clone http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/git/sixth-data.git
250 <div id="outline-container-sec-2" class="outline-2">
251 <h2 id="sec-2"><a id="ID-f6764282-a6f6-44e6-8716-b428074dd093" name="ID-f6764282-a6f6-44e6-8716-b428074dd093"></a><span class="section-number-2">2</span> Vision / goal</h2>
252 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-2">
254 Provide versioned, clustered, flexible, distributed, multi-dimensional
255 data storage engine for the <a href="http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitbrowse/sixth/doc/index.html">Sixth computation engine</a>.
259 <li>Speaking of traditional relational database and object oriented
260 business applications:
263 <li>I hate object-relational impedance mismatch.
266 <li>I don't like to convert data between persistent database and
267 runtime objects for every transaction. How about creating united
268 database/computation engine instead to:
271 <li>Eliminate constant moving and converting of data between 2 systems
272 and make computing happen close to where the data is stored.
275 <li>Abstract away difference between RAM VS persistent storage. Let
276 the system decide at runtime which data to keep in what kind of
285 <div id="outline-container-sec-3" class="outline-2">
286 <h2 id="sec-3"><span class="section-number-2">3</span> Inspiration</h2>
287 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-3">
289 <li>Relational databases:
293 <li>Indexable / Quickly searchable.
298 <li>Git (version control system)
302 <li>Branchable / mergeable.
304 <li>Transparent cansistency, checksumming and deduplication.
306 <li>(Git as a database:
310 <a href="https://www.kenneth-truyers.net/2016/10/13/git-nosql-database/">https://www.kenneth-truyers.net/2016/10/13/git-nosql-database/</a> )
316 <div id="outline-container-sec-3-1" class="outline-3">
317 <h3 id="sec-3-1"><a id="ID-d2375acc-af14-4f18-8ad0-7949501178c5" name="ID-d2375acc-af14-4f18-8ad0-7949501178c5"></a><span class="section-number-3">3.1</span> Brain</h3>
318 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-1">
320 <li>Brain appears to have more than 3D dimensional design:
321 <a href="https://singularityhub.com/2017/06/21/is-there-a-multidimensional-mathematical-world-hidden-in-the-brains-computation/">https://singularityhub.com/2017/06/21/is-there-a-multidimensional-mathematical-world-hidden-in-the-brains-computation/</a>
324 <li>Brain appears to use geometry to map thoughts and even sounds:
325 <a href="https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-brain-maps-out-ideas-and-memories-like-spaces-20190114/">https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-brain-maps-out-ideas-and-memories-like-spaces-20190114/</a>
331 <li>It directly inspires following ideas
333 <li><a href="#sec-4-1">Distributed comutation and data storage</a>
335 <li><a href="#sec-4-2">Mapping of hyperspace to traditional object-oriented model</a>
337 <li><a href="#sec-4-3">Handling of relations</a>
345 <div id="outline-container-sec-4" class="outline-2">
346 <h2 id="sec-4"><span class="section-number-2">4</span> Ideas</h2>
347 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-4">
348 </div><div id="outline-container-sec-4-1" class="outline-3">
349 <h3 id="sec-4-1"><a id="ID-5d287158-53ea-44a2-a754-dd862366066a" name="ID-5d287158-53ea-44a2-a754-dd862366066a"></a><span class="section-number-3">4.1</span> Distributed computation and data storage</h3>
350 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-4-1">
352 Maybe every problem can be translated to geometry (use any shapes and
353 as many dimensions as you need). Solution(s) to such problems would
354 then appear as relatively simple search/comparison/lookup results. As
355 a bonus, such geometrical *data storage* AND *computation* can be
356 naturally made in *parallel* and *distributed*. That's what neurons in
357 the brain appear to be doing ! :) . Learning means building/updating
358 the model (the hard part). Question answering is making (relatively
359 simple) lookups (geometrical queries) against the model.
363 <div id="outline-container-sec-4-2" class="outline-3">
364 <h3 id="sec-4-2"><a id="ID-a117c11e-97c1-4822-88b2-9fc10f96caec" name="ID-a117c11e-97c1-4822-88b2-9fc10f96caec"></a><span class="section-number-3">4.2</span> Mapping of hyperspace to traditional object-oriented model</h3>
365 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-4-2">
367 Object oriented programming is inspired by the way human mind
368 operates. It allows programmer to express ideas to computer in a more
373 It is possible to map object model to geometrical hyperspace:
377 <li>Object is a point in space (universe). Each object member variable
378 translates to its own dimension. That is: if class declares 4
379 variables for an object, then corresponding object can be stored as
380 a single point inside 4 dimensional space. Variable values translate
381 to point coordinates in space. That is: Integer, floating point
382 number and even boolean and string can be translated to linear value
383 that can be used as a coordinate along particular dimension.
386 <li>Each class declares its own space (universe). All class instances
387 (objects) are points inside that particular universe. References
388 between objects of different types are hyperlinks (portals) between
394 <div id="outline-container-sec-4-3" class="outline-3">
395 <h3 id="sec-4-3"><a id="ID-b6b15bd2-c78b-4c51-a343-72843a515c29" name="ID-b6b15bd2-c78b-4c51-a343-72843a515c29"></a><span class="section-number-3">4.3</span> Handling of relations</h3>
396 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-4-3">
398 Consider we want to create database of books and authors. Book can
399 have multiple authors, and single person can be author for multiple
400 books. It is possible to store how many hours of work each author has
401 contributed to every book, using hyperspace as follows:
405 <li>Every dimension corresponds to one particular book author. (10
406 authors in the database, would require 10 dimensional space)
408 <li>Point in space corresponds to one particular book.
410 <li>Point location along particular (author) dimension corresponds
411 to amount of work contributed by particular author for given
425 <li>Every dimension corresponds to one particular book.
427 <li>Point in space corresponds to one particular author in the entire
430 <li>Point location along particular (book) dimension corresponds to
431 amount of work contributed for book by given author (point).
441 <div id="outline-container-sec-4-4" class="outline-3">
442 <h3 id="sec-4-4"><span class="section-number-3">4.4</span> Layered architecture</h3>
443 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-4-4">
445 <dt> layer 1 </dt><dd>disk / block storage / partition
448 <dt> layer 2 </dt><dd>key/value storage. Keys are unique and are dictated by
449 storage engine. Value is arbitrary but limited size byte
450 array. This layer is responsible for handling disk
451 defragmentation and consistency in case of crash
455 <dt> layer 3 </dt><dd>key/value storage. Keys are content hashes. Values are
456 arbitrary but limited size content byte arrays. This
457 layer effectively implements content addressable
458 storage. Content addressible storage enables GIT-like
459 behavior (possibility for competing branches, retaining
460 history, transparent deduplication)
463 <dt> layer 4 </dt><dd>Implements arbitrary dimensional multiverse.
466 <dt> layer 5 </dt><dd>Distributed computation engine.
472 <div id="outline-container-sec-5" class="outline-2">
473 <h2 id="sec-5"><span class="section-number-2">5</span> Current status</h2>
474 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-5">
476 <li>More or less defined <a href="#sec-2">Vision / goal</a>.
479 <li>Collected some <a href="#sec-3-1">ideas</a>.
482 <li>Implemented very simple persistent key-value map.
484 <li>Long term goal is to use it as a backing storage engine and
485 implement more advanced features on top of this.
493 <div id="outline-container-sec-6" class="outline-2">
494 <h2 id="sec-6"><span class="section-number-2">6</span> See also</h2>
495 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-6">
497 Interesting or competing projects with good ideas:
503 <li>database in the form of a knowledge graph that uses machine
504 reasoning to simplify data processing challenges for AI
505 applications. <a href="https://grakn.ai/">https://grakn.ai/</a>
510 <li><a href="http://wiki.squeak.org/squeak/2665">Magma</a>
512 <li>Multi-user object database for Squeak
517 <li><a href="http://esug.org/data/ESUG2015/3%20wednesday/1100-1130%20SQL%20Queries%20on%20Smalltalk%20Objects/SQL%20Queries%20in%20Smalltalk%20(James%20Foster).pdf">Gemstone/S</a>
519 <li>Completely distributed smalltalk based computing
525 <li><a href="http://www.uruk.org/emu/Taos.html">TAOS</a>
527 <li>Completely distributed operating system/virtual machine:
532 <li><a href="https://github.com/vygr/ChrysaLisp">ChrysaLisp</a>
534 <li>Assembler/C-Script/Lisp 64 bit, MIMD, multi CPU, multi threaded,
535 multi core, multi user Parallel OS. With GUI, Terminal, OO
536 Assembler, Class libraries, C-Script compiler, Lisp interpreter,
537 Debugger, and more…
544 </div><div class="col-md-3"><nav id="table-of-contents">
545 <div id="text-table-of-contents" class="bs-docs-sidebar">
547 <li><a href="#sec-1">1. General</a>
549 <li><a href="#sec-1-1">1.1. Source code</a></li>
552 <li><a href="#sec-2">2. Vision / goal</a></li>
553 <li><a href="#sec-3">3. Inspiration</a>
555 <li><a href="#sec-3-1">3.1. Brain</a></li>
558 <li><a href="#sec-4">4. Ideas</a>
560 <li><a href="#sec-4-1">4.1. Distributed computation and data storage</a></li>
561 <li><a href="#sec-4-2">4.2. Mapping of hyperspace to traditional object-oriented model</a></li>
562 <li><a href="#sec-4-3">4.3. Handling of relations</a></li>
563 <li><a href="#sec-4-4">4.4. Layered architecture</a></li>
566 <li><a href="#sec-5">5. Current status</a></li>
567 <li><a href="#sec-6">6. See also</a></li>
572 <footer id="postamble" class="">
573 <div><p class="author">Author: Svjatoslav Agejenko</p>
574 <p class="date">Created: 2019-01-18 Fri 23:27</p>
575 <p class="creator"><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/">Emacs</a> 26.1 (<a href="http://orgmode.org">Org-mode</a> 9.1.9)</p>