4 <title>Sixth - system for data storage, computation, exploration and interaction</title>
5 <!-- 2017-11-29 Wed 23:57 -->
7 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
8 <meta name="generator" content="Org-mode">
9 <meta name="author" content="Svjatoslav Agejenko">
10 <link href="https://bootswatch.com/4/darkly/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
11 <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
12 <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>"
13 <style type="text/css">
14 footer {background-color: #111 !important;}
15 pre {background-color: #111; color: #ccc;}
17 <style type="text/css">
18 /* org mode styles on top of twbs */
35 background-color: #f5f5f5;
62 display: inline-block;
74 .bs-docs-sidebar.affix {
77 @media (min-width: 768px) {
83 /* All levels of nav */
84 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav > li > a {
91 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav > li > a:hover,
92 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav > li > a:focus {
95 text-decoration: none;
96 background-color: transparent;
97 border-left: 1px solid #A1283B;
99 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav > .active > a,
100 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav > .active:hover > a,
101 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav > .active:focus > a {
105 background-color: transparent;
106 border-left: 2px solid #A1283B;
109 /* Nav: second level (shown on .active) */
110 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav {
111 display: none; /* Hide by default, but at >768px, show it */
112 padding-bottom: 10px;
114 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav > li > a {
121 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav > li > a:hover,
122 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav > li > a:focus {
125 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav > .active > a,
126 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav > .active:hover > a,
127 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav > .active:focus > a {
132 /* Nav: third level (shown on .active) */
133 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav .nav {
134 padding-bottom: 10px;
136 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav .nav > li > a {
143 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav .nav > li > a:hover,
144 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav .nav > li > a:focus {
147 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav .nav > .active > a,
148 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav .nav > .active:hover > a,
149 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav .nav .nav > .active:focus > a {
154 /* Show and affix the side nav when space allows it */
155 @media (min-width: 992px) {
156 .bs-docs-sidebar .nav > .active > ul {
159 /* Widen the fixed sidebar */
160 .bs-docs-sidebar.affix,
161 .bs-docs-sidebar.affix-bottom {
164 .bs-docs-sidebar.affix {
165 position: fixed; /* Undo the static from mobile first approach */
168 .bs-docs-sidebar.affix-bottom {
169 position: absolute; /* Undo the static from mobile first approach */
171 .bs-docs-sidebar.affix .bs-docs-sidenav,.bs-docs-sidebar.affix-bottom .bs-docs-sidenav {
176 @media (min-width: 1200px) {
177 /* Widen the fixed sidebar again */
178 .bs-docs-sidebar.affix-bottom,
179 .bs-docs-sidebar.affix {
184 <script type="text/javascript">
188 $('.bs-docs-sidebar li').first().addClass('active');
190 $(document.body).scrollspy({target: '.bs-docs-sidebar'});
192 $('.bs-docs-sidebar').affix();
197 <div id="content" class="container">
198 <div class="row"><div class="col-md-9"><h1 class="title">Sixth - system for data storage, computation, exploration and interaction</h1>
201 <li>This is a subproject of <a href="http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitbrowse/sixth/doc/index.html">Sixth</a>
204 <li><a href="http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitweb/?p=sixth-data.git;a=snapshot;h=HEAD;sf=tgz">download latest snapshot</a>
207 <li>This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
208 it under the terms of version 3 of the <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html">GNU Lesser General Public
209 License</a> or later as published by the Free Software Foundation.
214 <li>Svjatoslav Agejenko
216 <li>Homepage: <a href="http://svjatoslav.eu">http://svjatoslav.eu</a>
218 <li>Email: <a href="mailto://svjatoslav@svjatoslav.eu">mailto://svjatoslav@svjatoslav.eu</a>
223 <li><a href="http://www.svjatoslav.eu/programs.jsp">other applications hosted at svjatoslav.eu</a>
228 <div id="outline-container-sec-1" class="outline-2">
229 <h2 id="sec-1"><a id="ID-f6764282-a6f6-44e6-8716-b428074dd093" name="ID-f6764282-a6f6-44e6-8716-b428074dd093"></a><span class="section-number-2">1</span> Vision / goal</h2>
230 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
232 Provide versioned, clustered, flexible, distributed, multi-dimensional
233 data storage engine for the <a href="http://www2.svjatoslav.eu/gitbrowse/sixth/doc/index.html">Sixth computation engine</a>.
237 <li>Speaking of traditional relational database and object oriented
238 business applications:
241 <li>I hate object-relational impedance mismatch.
244 <li>I don't like to convert data between persistent database and
245 runtime objects for every transaction. How about creating united
246 database/computation engine instead to:
249 <li>Eliminate constant moving and converting of data between 2 systems
250 and make computing happen close to where the data is stored.
253 <li>Abstract away difference between RAM VS persistent storage. Let
254 the system decide at runtime which data to keep in what kind of
263 <div id="outline-container-sec-2" class="outline-2">
264 <h2 id="sec-2"><span class="section-number-2">2</span> Inspiration</h2>
265 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-2">
267 <li>Relational databases:
271 <li>Indexable / Quickly searchable.
276 <li>Git (version control system)
280 <li>Branchable / mergeable.
282 <li>Transparent cansistency, checksumming and deduplication.
284 <li>(Git as a database:
288 <a href="https://www.kenneth-truyers.net/2016/10/13/git-nosql-database/">https://www.kenneth-truyers.net/2016/10/13/git-nosql-database/</a> )
294 <div id="outline-container-sec-2-1" class="outline-3">
295 <h3 id="sec-2-1"><a id="ID-d2375acc-af14-4f18-8ad0-7949501178c5" name="ID-d2375acc-af14-4f18-8ad0-7949501178c5"></a><span class="section-number-3">2.1</span> Brain</h3>
296 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-2-1">
298 <li>Appears to have more than 3D dimensional design. Food for
301 <li><a href="https://singularityhub.com/2017/06/21/is-there-a-multidimensional-mathematical-world-hidden-in-the-brains-computation/">https://singularityhub.com/2017/06/21/is-there-a-multidimensional-mathematical-world-hidden-in-the-brains-computation/</a>
306 <li>It directly inspires following ideas
308 <li><a href="#sec-3-1">Distributed comutation and data storage</a>
310 <li><a href="#sec-3-2">Mapping of hyperspace to traditional object-oriented model</a>
312 <li><a href="#sec-3-3">Handling of relations</a>
321 <div id="outline-container-sec-3" class="outline-2">
322 <h2 id="sec-3"><span class="section-number-2">3</span> Ideas</h2>
323 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-3">
324 </div><div id="outline-container-sec-3-1" class="outline-3">
325 <h3 id="sec-3-1"><a id="ID-5d287158-53ea-44a2-a754-dd862366066a" name="ID-5d287158-53ea-44a2-a754-dd862366066a"></a><span class="section-number-3">3.1</span> Distributed computation and data storage</h3>
326 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-1">
328 Maybe every problem can be translated to geometry (use any shapes and
329 as many dimensions as you need). Solution(s) to such problems would
330 then appear as relatively simple search/comparison/lookup results. As
331 a bonus, such geometrical *data storage* AND *computation* can be
332 naturally made in *parallel* and *distributed*. That's what neurons in
333 the brain appear to be doing ! :) . Learning means building/updating
334 the model (the hard part). Question answering is making (relatively
335 simple) lookups (geometrical queries) against the model.
339 <div id="outline-container-sec-3-2" class="outline-3">
340 <h3 id="sec-3-2"><a id="ID-a117c11e-97c1-4822-88b2-9fc10f96caec" name="ID-a117c11e-97c1-4822-88b2-9fc10f96caec"></a><span class="section-number-3">3.2</span> Mapping of hyperspace to traditional object-oriented model</h3>
341 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-2">
343 Object oriented programming is inspired by the way human mind
344 operates. It allows programmer to express ideas to computer in a more
349 It is possible to map object model to geometrical hyperspace:
353 <li>Object is a point in space (universe). Each object member variable
354 translates to its own dimension. That is: if class declares 4
355 variables for an object, then corresponding object can be stored as
356 a single point inside 4 dimensional space. Variable values translate
357 to point coordinates in space. That is: Integer, floating point
358 number and even boolean and string can be translated to linear value
359 that can be used as a coordinate along particular dimension.
362 <li>Each class declares its own space (universe). All class instances
363 (objects) are points inside that particular universe. References
364 between objects of different types are hyperlinks (portals) between
370 <div id="outline-container-sec-3-3" class="outline-3">
371 <h3 id="sec-3-3"><a id="ID-b6b15bd2-c78b-4c51-a343-72843a515c29" name="ID-b6b15bd2-c78b-4c51-a343-72843a515c29"></a><span class="section-number-3">3.3</span> Handling of relations</h3>
372 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-3">
374 Consider we want to create database of books and authors. Book can
375 have multiple authors, and single person can be author for multiple
376 books. It is possible to store how many hours of work each author has
377 contributed to every book, using hyperspace as follows:
381 <li>Every dimension corresponds to one particular book author. (10
382 authors in the database, would require 10 dimensional space)
384 <li>Point in space corresponds to one particular book.
386 <li>Point location along particular (author) dimension corresponds
387 to amount of work contributed by particular author for given
401 <li>Every dimension corresponds to one particular book.
403 <li>Point in space corresponds to one particular author in the entire
406 <li>Point location along particular (book) dimension corresponds to
407 amount of work contributed for book by given author (point).
417 <div id="outline-container-sec-3-4" class="outline-3">
418 <h3 id="sec-3-4"><span class="section-number-3">3.4</span> Layered architecture</h3>
419 <div class="outline-text-3" id="text-3-4">
421 <dt> layer 1 </dt><dd>disk / block storage / partition
424 <dt> layer 2 </dt><dd>key/value storage. Keys are unique and are dictated by
425 storage engine. Value is arbitrary but limited size byte
426 array. This layer is responsible for handling disk
427 defragmentation and consistency in case of crash
431 <dt> layer 3 </dt><dd>key/value storage. Keys are content hashes. Values are
432 arbitrary but limited size content byte arrays. This
433 layer effectively implements content addressable
434 storage. Content addressible storage enables GIT-like
435 behavior (possibility for competing branches, retaining
436 history, transparent deduplication)
439 <dt> layer 4 </dt><dd>Implements arbitrary dimensional multiverse.
442 <dt> layer 5 </dt><dd>Distributed computation engine.
449 <div id="outline-container-sec-4" class="outline-2">
450 <h2 id="sec-4"><span class="section-number-2">4</span> Current status</h2>
451 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-4">
453 <li>More or less defined <a href="#sec-1">Vision / goal</a>.
456 <li>Collected some <a href="#sec-2-1">ideas</a>.
459 <li>Implemented very simple persistent key-value map.
461 <li>Long term goal is to use it as a backing storage engine and
462 implement more advanced features on top of this.
470 <div id="outline-container-sec-5" class="outline-2">
471 <h2 id="sec-5"><span class="section-number-2">5</span> See also</h2>
472 <div class="outline-text-2" id="text-5">
474 Interesting or competing projects with good ideas:
478 <li>GRAKN.AI: database in the form of a knowledge graph that uses
479 machine reasoning to simplify data processing challenges for AI
482 <li><a href="https://grakn.ai/">https://grakn.ai/</a>
487 <li>Gemstone/S based on Smalltalk.
489 <li><a href="http://esug.org/data/ESUG2015/3%20wednesday/1100-1130%20SQL%20Queries%20on%20Smalltalk%20Objects/SQL%20Queries%20in%20Smalltalk%20(James%20Foster)">http://esug.org/data/ESUG2015/3%20wednesday/1100-1130%20SQL%20Queries%20on%20Smalltalk%20Objects/SQL%20Queries%20in%20Smalltalk%20(James%20Foster)</a>.pdf
494 <li>Magma distributed database in Smalltalk.
496 <li><a href="http://wiki.squeak.org/squeak/2665">http://wiki.squeak.org/squeak/2665</a>
503 <li><a href="https://github.com/zetavm/zetavm">https://github.com/zetavm/zetavm</a>
510 </div><div class="col-md-3"><nav id="table-of-contents">
511 <div id="text-table-of-contents" class="bs-docs-sidebar">
513 <li><a href="#sec-1">1. Vision / goal</a></li>
514 <li><a href="#sec-2">2. Inspiration</a>
516 <li><a href="#sec-2-1">2.1. Brain</a></li>
519 <li><a href="#sec-3">3. Ideas</a>
521 <li><a href="#sec-3-1">3.1. Distributed computation and data storage</a></li>
522 <li><a href="#sec-3-2">3.2. Mapping of hyperspace to traditional object-oriented model</a></li>
523 <li><a href="#sec-3-3">3.3. Handling of relations</a></li>
524 <li><a href="#sec-3-4">3.4. Layered architecture</a></li>
527 <li><a href="#sec-4">4. Current status</a></li>
528 <li><a href="#sec-5">5. See also</a></li>
533 <footer id="postamble" class="">
534 <div><p class="author">Author: Svjatoslav Agejenko</p>
535 <p class="date">Created: 2017-11-29 Wed 23:57</p>
536 <p class="creator"><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/">Emacs</a> 25.1.1 (<a href="http://orgmode.org">Org-mode</a> 8.2.10)</p>